Causes, symptoms, treatment methods and prevention of osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis is a serious spinal disease because it can lead to severe symptoms and lead to various complications.For this reason, it must be treated in good time and correctly.This can be done at home with the help of medication, folk remedies, physical education and physiotherapeutic procedures.All medical measures must be approved by a specialist, otherwise there is a risk of complications.

What is osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis is a degenerative dystrophic vertebral disease (DDZP), which leads to a violation of the structure of the vertebrae and the intervertebral disc.This provokes a decrease in its elasticity and a change in shape.For this reason, the interval between the vertebrae is significantly reduced and the instability of the spine is observed in this place.

With the pathological destruction of tissues, the nerve ends crawl out of the spinal cord, which leads to a constant tension of the spine muscles.Against this background, pain and other characteristic symptoms occur.Depending on which segment degenerative disorders have subjected to the clinical signs.The following departments are characterized by chondrosis of the spine:

• cervical;
• thoracic;
• Lumbar spine.

If the pathological process affects several segments, such an osteochondrosis is polysgent.Frequent disorders have complicated symptoms and are much more difficult to diagnose, since areas near and from a distance can be affected.For example, osteochondrosis of the cervix and lumbar spine.

Stadiums of osteochondrosis

There are 4 stadiums osteochondrosis:

1. First.It is characterized by initial diseases in the area of the intervertebral disc.Usually the cartilage, a comprehensive vertebrae, is covered with cracks.As a result, a reduction of the lumen between the windows begins.
2. The second.The fibrous ring covered with cracks is so narrowed that the ligaments and muscles of the spine come into contact and rub against each other.At this stage, a person can manifest the first painful syndrome.The second stage leads to the formation of the instability of the vertebrae.
3. The third.The cartilaginous clearing between the windows occurs.The thinning is determined in the implementation of radiography and the symptoms are pronounced, which is intense.At this stage, pain syndrome can only be removed using strong medication.
4. Fourth.It is characterized by excessive instability of the vertebrae because bone growth is formed on them - osteophytes.They hurt nerve roots.At this stage, the symptoms usually drop somewhat, but it manifests itself seasonally (the summit of exacerbation occurs in autumn and spring).

Reasons

Osteochondrosis can develop against the background of the hypothermia of the body, sharp turns that cause the shift in vertebrae and physical exertion.The opinion of experts converts that the main reason for degenerative processes in the spine is the improper distribution of the load on the spine.

There are also many factors that lead to this:

• Weakness of the back muscles;
• sloppy;
• Change of gear during pregnancy;
• Craumatic of the spine;
• Weightlifting;
• Classes of active and power sports;
• be in an unpleasant position for a long time;
• Sit lifestyle.

In addition, osteochondrosis can be provoked for other reasons:

• Violation of metabolic processes (lack of zinc, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and other useful trace elements);
• Poisoning of the body with chemicals;
• genetic predisposition;
• Consequences of infectious diseases;
• Falls, blue spots;
• hormonal violations;
• nervous shocks;
• Change of the elasticity of the core.

Deviations in the development of the spine can cause degenerative and dystrophic changes.There are provocative factors such as abnormal ossification of the child's skeleton, inadequate physical activity and quick growth.In this case, osteochondrosis is referred to as youthful or youthful.

If it is not possible to determine the cause and time of the occurrence (at what age the degenerative dystrophic process developed - in adolescence or in adults), this is called not specified.

Symptoms

Osteochondrosis can cause various symptoms, since each segment of the spine is responsible for assigning nerve endings to different organs and systems.

All manifestations are divided into 4 groups:

1. Statistical symptoms are associated with a physiological violation of the form of vertebrae.As a result, one person changes attitude, the mobility of the head worsens, difficulties occur in the equipment of the spine.
2. Neurological characteristics are formed against the background of the damage to the nerve tissue.This leads to a violation of the sensitivity of the skin and a decrease in the intensity of the muscle contractions in certain areas of the body.If pain syndrome manifests itself locally in the initial stage, it affects the remote areas in the course of the disease.Neurology includes manifestations such as deafness, tingling and goosebumps.In osteochondrosis, a symptom of Lacega is differentiated, which is different from a symptom for the tension.It is associated with an excessive voltage of the sciatic nerve fibers.It is caused by violations of the spine nerves in the spine or in the swarms of gluten muscles/lumbar spine.
3. Possible vascular symptoms that occur against the background of the pressing of the blood anteries.Usually this is observed in osteochondrosis of the cervix region.In the case of impaired blood flow in this area, the brain lacks oxygen, which is why dizziness, nausea and changes occur in the sympathetic nervous system.The latter are characterized by longer cramps and chronic ischemia in the inner organs.
4. The so -called trophic symptoms are differentiated.They are a combination of vascular and neurological disorders that lead to skin defects and ulcers.

Treatment

In order to successfully heal the osteochondrosis, a detailed examination must be carried out and a precise diagnosis must be determined.First, doctors carry out an external examination of the patient, the collecting of the disease of the disease, according to which they use laboratory and instrumental research methods.

There are 3 therapy methods:

• Medicines;
• Physiotherapy;
• Surgical.

A special diet, compliance with the bed rest and the minimization of the loads of the spine is greater than the treatment of osteochondrosis.When you rest, it is recommended to use a solid surface instead of a soft mattress.

To treat the disease, you can fall back on the first two methods.At the same time, it is advisable to combine them.To improve your action, you can introduce folk methods into therapy.

Self -finishing is extremely undesirable.All measures and procedures must be approved by a specialist.In the therapy of osteochondrosis, certain rules must be observed when using certain methods.

If the provision of medical care for medicinal products did not achieve any results and the disease progresses, surgical treatment is prescribed.The surgical intervention is carried out to stabilize the structure of the spine, the removal of intermediate sheman hernia or fully affected disks.

Drugs

The drug treatment of osteochondrosis should be comprehensive to have the goal, stop pain and to eliminate other pronounced symptoms.Use different drug groups:

1. Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory anti -inflammatory.They are supposed to eliminate inflammatory processes and all kinds of pain.They also relieve the swelling of the tissue.
2. Seastant. They are used to stop pain syndrome, but do not affect the pathological process itself.
3. Muscle relaxants.They are used to relieve muscle cramp in the spine because the pain is noticeably reduced.They block the receptors in affected muscle fibers, the conductivity of impulses in the spinal cord.The effect of these medicines is short -lived, but during this time it is possible to reply muscle fibers to reply the normal tone and use their own protective mechanisms from degenerative dystrophic processes.
4. Group B, D, A, E, C, phosphorus -containing and calcium medication.Vitamin mineral complexes are required for the filling of substances in the body, which are involved in the formation of bones and cartilage, metabolic processes.
5. Chondroprotectors.
6. Vasodilative medication.

In the pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, doctors, chondroprotectors with cumulative effects recommend and to influence the human body after a certain time, which contributes to restoring the intervertebral disc.Such drugs use a long period for up to 2-3 months.In addition, chondroprotectors seriously load the liver and organs of the stomach tract, so they should be combined with probiotics.

Probiotics

All of these drug groups can be used in different forms.In severe pain, injections are usually used for direct administration in the pathological area of the spine.In such cases, patients are prescribed injections with chondroprotectors and the so -called Novocaine blockade.In the form of injections in the affected vertebrae, only by the cheap doctor should be administered, as this is a very difficult and dangerous procedure.Other pharmacological types of drugs are also not recommended uncontrollably.The dosage and treatment scheme should be determined by a specialist.

Ointments and gels can be used with less fear, but in this case there are certain restrictions.For example, heating agents cannot be used in times of tightening the disease.The most popular drugs in the form of ointments, gels and creams for osteochondrosis are:

Training therapy

Sports lessons (LfK) will be useful in the treatment of osteochondrosis.A moderate physical activity can influence the musculoskeletal system.They stimulate metabolic processes, restore the mobility of the spine column and strengthen the muscle corset.

The doctor should select the methodology and diagram of therapeutic gymnastics, since it can vary depending on the pathological processes.It is therefore desirable that courses take place under the control of a specialist.After mastering the program, the treatment of physiotherapy exercises can be continued at home.

When diagnosing the osteochondrosis of the cervix region, for example, the following simple exercises are recommended:

1. Tilt your head forward and press the forehead area with woven fingers.The patient has to prevent pressure.A similar exercise is then carried out and has an effect in the occipital part and in the left and right temple.
2. Press your forehead with four fingers as if you were stretching the skin for 45 seconds.Actions are carried out in different directions.This exercise was developed to restore blood circulation.
3. Sit on a chair or floor, keep your back straight and smoothly back your head.With your hands, it is necessary to gently press the chin up and down.Then make the heads of the head to the left and right.
4. Try to get the chest.In this position you have to cross your hands on the back of the head and press it.In a stressful condition, you have to linger for 1 minute and then carry out the movement of the shoulders, lift them up and try to reach the ears.

Physiotherapeutic methods

Medicine treatment provides a good result if you combine it with physiotherapy methods.Electromagnetic therapy, electrophoresis, ultrasonic therapy, etc. are useful for the condition of the vertebrae.Some types of procedures can be carried out at home if you buy suitable portable devices.Mineral waters and healing mud have advantageous effects.

In the absence of contraindications for the massage, the patient can be visited by a manual therapist.When treating osteochondrosis, reflexotherapy sessions can be used - the effect on certain body points.You can carry out self -massage at home.There are various techniques that contribute to the elimination of pain and muscle tonic:

• Light strokes the vertebral region with one or with both hands;
• The muscles by bones or circular movements, do not shred fingertips;
• Crush the muscles with palms;
• Easy elaboration of the trapezoidal muscles;
• Longitudinal section and correct pressing along the massage points;
• The gaps between the ribs rubbed.

Folk remedy

To remove pain, you can use the funds according to popular recipes.The result of treatment with herbs and other natural compositions only occurs with their longer use.

People's funds are preferable compared to drugs, the latter can seriously damage the intestine, liver and pancreas with a long use.It is therefore advisable to use methods of non -traditional medicine after acute pain syndromes have been stopped with medication.The methods presented must gradually be replaced by medicines if the doctor is recommended.

Several effective recipes can be referred to:

1. Honey and potatoes.You have to take several potatoes, grind them on a grater and add the same amount of honey.The components should be mixed thoroughly, set up gauze and use it in a painful area in the form of a compress.The reconciliation of the application must be packed with a scarf and left in this position for 1 hour.
2. Horseradish.You should take 1 sheet of plant and steam with boiling water.It has to be turned into the painful area inside and attach it.The product should be safely defined and wrapped in a scarf.The procedure must be carried out at night and remove the association - only the next morning.
3. Hot bottle.It is necessary to take plastic containers, pour hot water in, put on the sofa and lie on it with your back.It is advisable to move the bottle underneath.The procedure should be carried out for 30 minutes.
4. Parsley.It is necessary to eat for 30 days a day.1 root of the plant.
5. Pine buds.Raw materials should be collected in spring.The length of the pine buds should be 2 cm.It is necessary to rinse and dry them.The raw materials must be ground and combined with sugar in proportions of 2: 1, then mix thoroughly and place them in the fridge.The product will be ready if it acquires a rich brown color.The mixture must be eaten 1 teaspoon.a day for 3 weeks.

When using folk remedies, it is extremely cautious to approach the procedure with a warming effect.Such actions can help to temporarily get rid of pain and inflammation, but can harm.In times of worsening the disease, all heat is prohibited because they cause vessel expansion, which can cause swelling.In such situations, you should apply for treatment for specialists.With osteochondrosis of the cervix region in any form, it is forbidden to heat the neck because this can provoke a strong migraine.

prevention

Each person should carry out special measures to prevent the development of osteochondrosis.The main size for prevention is to adhere to the correct posture during movement and in a seated position.

It is advisable to involve physical education and to strengthen the musculoskeletal system and the muscle corset of the spine.

For sleep, you should choose specially developed orthopedic mattresses and pillows.Your advantage is that you enable you to repeat the physiological outline of the spine.

The musculoskeletal system cannot be exposed to excessive loads.If necessary, you have to use the right technology.

The nutrition of the diet should be observed.The diet should be compensated for and ensure the normal operation of the stomach intestine tract.You cannot use a large amount of caffeine, chocolate and alcoholic drinks.Food should be rich in proteins, calcium and other useful trace elements.