Currently, people of different age groups suffer from various diseases of the cardiovascular system, nervous system, rheumatological diseases and bone diseases.Anyone can get sick at any age.But the most common diseases affect the musculoskeletal system.These diseases can occur in both older and younger people.Small joints are most often affected; these joints include the formations of the hands and feet.For what reasons do the joints of bone structures hurt, what causes pain in the finger joints and how to treat it?
Reasons
When pain occurs in the hand area, we do not pay it due attention until a certain point;In the meantime, the disease progresses and develops.What diseases can cause pain in the finger joints?The most common diseases of the bone joints that can provoke a painful attack:
- Polyosteoarthrosis of the bone joints.
- Arthritis (rheumatoid or psoriasis).
- Worsening of gout.
- Tenosynovitis
- Rhysarthrosis.
- Limb injury.
- Disturbance of microcirculation.
- Pathology of nerve endings or spine.
- Early treatment of chronic diseases.
Why do my finger joints hurt?Pain in the finger joints in different pathologies has different causes.Let's examine in detail the characteristics of pain in various pathologies.
Osteoarthritis
When polyosteoarthrosis occurs, pain in the finger joints can occur in people under 45 years of age as well as in people over 55 years of age.A distinctive feature of this pathology is that Heberden nodes appear when the joint is damaged.They are located on the back of the palm, which is also characterized by the fact that they are formed in the same way (on the right and left hands at the same time in similar places).
Nodules can occur on the phalanges of the fingers (the index and middle fingers are most commonly affected).At the moment of formation of such a node, the patient may feel an unpleasant burning sensation, pain, swelling and redness may occur.First, it is important to treat the original cause.
Rheumatoid arthritis
In rheumatoid arthritis, the finger joints hurt in 6-7 percent of cases.The disease can occur in people of different age groups, women are more often affected and arises against the background of emotional stress, after colds, infections or hypothermia.The disease begins with inflammatory changes, then the affected joint swells slightly, the pain worsens when bending the phalanges of the right and left hands.The lesion is usually symmetrical and other joints, including large ones, may also be affected.
The pathology has an inflammatory pain character (at night and in the morning it increases, during the day and in the evening the pain attack subsides slightly).In addition to these symptoms, the patient experiences weakness, fever and possibly chills.Therapy should be aimed at treating the underlying disease.
psoriasis
Pain due to psoriatic arthritis may occur in 5% of cases.It affects people between the ages of 20 and 50 who have skin changes (psoriasis plaques).The peculiarity of the inflammatory process is that the disease is axial inflammation (all joints of the affected finger hurt).The skin over such a joint is burgundy in color.
Inflammation can affect the joints of the bones of the right or left hand, but very rarely both at the same time, indicating asymmetry.
gout
Gout is responsible for the pain in less than 4% of cases.It occurs most often in men, most commonly it occurs with damage to the big toe and then affects other joints as well.Occurs in the age range of 20 to 50 years.In the hands, the disease develops due to damage to the thumb (rarely the little finger), then spreads to other joints, the pain worsens at night, disrupting the sleep rhythm and quality, the thumb takes on a red color and feels hot.
The duration of an acute attack can be up to 12 days, after which the pain subsides.The paroxysmal course of the pain syndrome is characteristic of this disease.
Injuries
Injuries and sprains of the limbs play an important role in finger pain.When cartilage tissue is damaged, its gradual regeneration occurs, but complete and identical cartilage is no longer present.In any case, it will have a defect of one degree or another.At first there may be no discomfort, but gradually the cartilage tissue wears out and ceases to fully perform its functions, which leads to pain (the earliest pain occurs when the little finger is affected).
Other diseases
De Carvin tendonitis causes pain in 2-3% and is associated with an inflammatory process in the muscle tissue of the thumb.Pain typically occurs at the base of the joint;It is spontaneous or caused by overload and increases with flexion and extension (there is no pain in the area from the index finger to the little finger).
With rhizarthrosis, the thumb on the hand hurts, articulation pathology occurs, which most often manifests itself in conjunction with polyosteoarthrosis, less often independently of it.It is caused by heavy, long-term stress.It is difficult to diagnose the disease based on de Carvin's tenosynovitis.However, a distinctive feature of this pathology is the deformation of the finger bones, which is clearly visible on the X-ray of the hand.
Treatment
Timely and, above all, correctly prescribed treatment helps to avoid pain in the later stages of life.Prevention of rheumatological diseases is an important point in maintaining the same standard of living.But what to do and how to treat the disease if it occurs or worsens?
Therapeutic methods are intended to have a comprehensive effect, solve multiple problems and promote the restoration of damaged tissue.
First of all, it is necessary to correctly diagnose the cause of the disease, and then determine the method of treatment (medical or surgical).
Drug treatment
The most common group of medications that can reduce pain or stop it altogether are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).In addition to the pain-relieving effect, they also have anti-inflammatory properties.
The drug can be used independently taking into account the available information.
For arthritis, when the joints of the hands hurt, glucocorticosteroid drugs (GCS) are prescribed;This group has an anti-inflammatory effect, which immediately stops the attack of pain.To enhance the healing and regenerating effects, various oils and creams are used;They also help relieve pain in a short period of time.
Physiotherapeutic treatment and prevention methods are widespread.The most popular methods are:
- Phonophoresis.
- Ultra high frequency therapy (UHF).
- Ultraviolet and infrared irradiation.
- Perform gymnastics exercises.
- Therapeutic and relaxing massage.
- Moderate physical activity.
Surgical treatment
This method is radical and is used in the late and advanced stages of the disease.The operation involves the use of prostheses that replace joint surfaces or restore blood flow.